How to Quote Paving Jobs

A practical pricing guide for Australian pavers. Covers paver types, base preparation, laying patterns, drainage, edging, sealing, labour rates, regional variation, licensing by state, and presenting quotes that win work.

In this guide
  1. Paver types and supply costs
  2. Base preparation costs
  3. Laying patterns and cost impact
  4. Drainage requirements
  5. Edge restraints
  6. Sealing and finishing
  7. Labour rates and productivity
  8. Whole-job benchmarks
  9. Worked example
  10. Regional price variation
  11. Council approvals and driveway crossovers
  12. Licensing by state
  13. Common quoting mistakes
  14. Presenting your quote
  15. Frequently asked questions

1. Paver types and supply costs

Paver selection drives material cost, labour time, maintenance expectations, and the overall look of the job. Match the paver type to the site requirements, customer budget, and intended use (pedestrian, residential vehicle, or commercial vehicle).

Paver type Supply $/sqm Thickness Lifespan Best suited for
Concrete (standard) $40 - $80 40 - 60mm 25 - 30 years Patios, paths, driveways (60mm+), budget projects
Concrete (premium/exposed) $60 - $120 50 - 80mm 25 - 35 years Feature areas, commercial, large-format
Clay brick $55 - $100 50 - 76mm 50+ years Heritage, Federation, character homes, driveways
Sandstone $50 - $90 20 - 50mm 30 - 50 years Pool surrounds, patios, garden paths
Travertine $55 - $95 20 - 30mm 30 - 50 years Pool surrounds (stays cool), entertaining areas
Granite $70 - $120 30 - 60mm 50+ years Driveways, commercial, high-traffic areas
Bluestone $65 - $110 20 - 50mm 50+ years Heritage, Melbourne/Victorian style, driveways
Porcelain $55 - $120 20mm 40+ years Contemporary design, low maintenance, pool areas
Driveway thickness rule: Residential driveways need a minimum 60mm paver thickness for concrete pavers or 50mm for clay pavers. Commercial and heavy vehicle areas need 80mm minimum. Thinner pavers are for pedestrian use only and will crack under vehicle loads.

Choosing between materials

Concrete pavers are the workhorse of Australian paving. They come in the widest range of sizes, colours, and finishes, and suit everything from a budget backyard path to a double driveway. Colour can fade over time, especially in direct sun, which is why sealing is recommended.

Clay pavers hold their colour permanently because the colour runs through the entire body. They suit heritage-style homes, driveways with character, and projects where long-term appearance matters. They cost slightly more upfront but last twice as long as concrete pavers.

Natural stone (sandstone, travertine, granite, bluestone) delivers a premium finish. Travertine has become the dominant pool paver in Australia because it stays cool underfoot and ages well. Sandstone is popular for patios. Granite and bluestone suit high-traffic areas and driveways where hardness matters. Natural stone varies more in thickness and flatness, which increases laying time.

Porcelain pavers are the modern premium option. They are extremely hard, stain-resistant, frost-proof, and virtually maintenance-free. They come in large formats (600x600, 600x900, 900x900) that suit contemporary design. The trade-off is that they are harder to cut (requiring a diamond blade wet saw), heavier to handle in large formats, and more expensive to lay due to tighter tolerance requirements.

2. Base preparation costs

Base preparation is the largest hidden cost in paving and the most common area for under-quoting. A properly built base determines whether the paving stays flat and drains correctly for its full lifespan. Cutting corners here causes settling, lippage, ponding, and callbacks.

Item $/sqm Notes
Excavation (100-150mm depth) $15 - $30 Standard soil. Add $10-20/sqm for clay, rock, or tree roots
Excavation (200-300mm depth, driveways) $25 - $45 Deeper dig for vehicle-rated base
Spoil removal (skip bin or truck) $8 - $18 Per sqm at average dig depth. A 60 sqm driveway at 200mm depth generates ~12 cubic metres
Geotextile fabric $3 - $6 Required on reactive clay or soft soils to prevent base migration
Road base (DGB20, 100mm compacted) $12 - $20 Pedestrian areas. Supply + spread + compact
Road base (DGB20, 150mm compacted) $18 - $28 Residential driveways. Two-layer compaction required
Road base (DGB20, 200mm compacted) $25 - $38 Commercial and heavy vehicle areas
Bedding sand (25-30mm, screed layer) $5 - $8 Washed coarse sand. Screeded to uniform depth with guide rails
Bedding sand (30-40mm, driveways) $6 - $10 Slightly deeper for driveways to allow for compaction settlement
Plate compaction Included above Minimum 2 passes on road base per 100mm layer. Final compaction over pavers
Base preparation accounts for 30-40% of the total installed cost. On a 60 sqm driveway, excavation, spoil removal, road base, and bedding sand typically total $3,000-$5,400 before a single paver is laid. Under-quoting the base is the leading cause of lost margin on paving jobs.

Base depth guide by application

Application Road base (compacted) Bedding sand Total depth (approx)
Garden path 75 - 100mm 25mm 140 - 185mm (incl. paver)
Patio / entertaining 100mm 25 - 30mm 165 - 190mm
Pool surround 100mm 25 - 30mm 145 - 170mm (thinner pavers typical)
Residential driveway 150mm 30 - 40mm 240 - 270mm
Commercial / heavy vehicle 200mm+ 30 - 40mm 310 - 340mm

3. Laying patterns and cost impact

The laying pattern affects structural performance, waste, and labour time. Quote the pattern explicitly because customers often choose based on appearance alone and may not understand the cost difference between a stretcher bond and a 45-degree herringbone.

Pattern Waste % Labour premium Structural interlock Suited for
Stack bond (grid) 2 - 4% Baseline Low Contemporary patios, large-format porcelain
Stretcher bond (running) 3 - 5% Baseline Moderate Paths, patios, standard residential
Basketweave 4 - 6% +5 - 10% Good Patios, light residential driveways
90-degree herringbone 5 - 8% +10 - 15% High Driveways, crossovers, commercial
45-degree herringbone 8 - 12% +15 - 20% Highest Driveways (best interlock), heavy traffic
Circular / fan 15 - 25% +25 - 40% Low Feature areas, courtyards, heritage
Random / French pattern 5 - 10% +10 - 20% Moderate Natural stone patios, travertine entertaining
Pattern pricing rule of thumb: For every step up in pattern complexity, add 5-10% to both material quantity (waste) and labour hours. A 60 sqm driveway in 45-degree herringbone costs $600-$1,200 more in labour and materials than the same area in stretcher bond.

Contrasting borders

A contrasting border (different colour or paver type around the edges) adds $15-$30 per lineal metre on top of the field paving rate. It also adds cutting time along the border-to-field junction. Borders are a common upsell on driveways and entertaining areas. Quote them as a separate line item so the customer can choose.

4. Drainage requirements

Every paved surface must drain to prevent ponding, erosion of the base, and water damage to adjacent structures. Getting drainage wrong creates callbacks, insurance disputes, and neighbour complaints. Quote drainage as a visible line item so the customer understands they are paying for a surface that works in every storm.

Surface falls

The minimum surface fall for paving is 1:100 (1% or 10mm per metre). A 1:80 (12.5mm/m) fall is preferred and accounts for slight settling over time. Falls must direct water away from buildings and toward designated collection points (garden beds, stormwater pits, street drainage). Under the NCC (Part 3.3), the external finished surface surrounding a slab must slope at least 25mm over the first metre from the building.

Drainage item Cost When required
Surface grading (falls built into base) Included in base prep Every job
Strip drain / channel drain (supply + install) $80 - $160 /lm Driveway-to-garage transitions, low-side collection points
Ag-pipe (100mm perforated, in gravel trench) $25 - $50 /lm Adjacent to retaining walls, reactive clay sites, waterlogged areas
Stormwater pit connection $250 - $600 each Large areas where surface run-off must connect to the stormwater system
Soak well / soakaway $400 - $900 each Where no stormwater connection exists. Common in Perth and regional areas
Permeable paving system $20 - $40 /sqm add-on Where council requires stormwater infiltration (increasingly common in Melbourne, Brisbane, and new developments)
Council stormwater rule: You cannot shed water from a paved area directly onto a neighbour's property or onto the public road without treatment. Some councils in Melbourne and Brisbane now require permeable paving or on-site retention for new impervious areas. Check the local development control plan before quoting.

5. Edge restraints

Paving without edge restraints will spread, settle, and fail at the borders within 2-5 years. Edge restraints are structural, not decorative, and every quote should include them as a line item.

Edge restraint type Supply + install $/lm Best suited for
Concrete haunch (hidden) $30 - $55 Most jobs. Standard practice, hidden under topsoil or garden bed
Steel edging (galvanised or corten) $40 - $80 Contemporary design, visible edge detail, curves
Aluminium edging $35 - $65 Lightweight, modern look, straight runs and gentle curves
Plastic snap-in edging $15 - $30 Budget projects, temporary installations, garden paths
Brick or stone soldier course $45 - $85 Heritage, feature border, clay paver driveways
Existing structure (wall, kerb) $0 Where paving abuts a building, retaining wall, or kerb

A typical 60 sqm driveway has approximately 35-45 lineal metres of exposed edge (two sides plus the garage end and the street end). At $30-$55 per lineal metre for a concrete haunch, edge restraint adds $1,050-$2,475 to the job. Larger areas and irregular shapes have more edge per square metre, which increases the cost proportion.

6. Sealing and finishing

Sealing protects pavers from stains, UV fading, salt damage (coastal), and efflorescence. It is optional on some paver types but recommended on others. Offer it as a separate line item on every quote where it adds value.

Paver type Sealing recommended? Sealer type Initial cost $/sqm Reseal interval
Concrete (standard) Yes Penetrating or film-forming $8 - $15 3 - 5 years
Concrete (exposed/polished) Yes Film-forming (wet look) or matte $10 - $15 3 - 5 years
Clay brick Optional Penetrating (if sealed at all) $8 - $12 5 - 7 years
Sandstone Yes Penetrating (natural finish) $10 - $15 3 - 5 years
Travertine Yes Penetrating (natural finish) $10 - $15 3 - 5 years
Granite Optional Penetrating or none $8 - $12 5 - 10 years
Bluestone Recommended Penetrating (colour enhancer optional) $10 - $15 3 - 5 years
Porcelain Usually not needed Joint stabiliser only (if any) $3 - $6 N/A

Other finishing costs

Item Cost Notes
Jointing sand (kiln-dried or polymeric) $3 - $8 /sqm Polymeric sand ($6-8) prevents weed growth and ant intrusion. Standard kiln-dried ($3-5) is cheaper but needs topping up
Final plate compaction (over pavers) Included in labour Use a rubber-mat compactor on natural stone and porcelain to prevent surface damage
Clean-up and waste removal $200 - $500 per job Offcuts, sand waste, packaging. More for large jobs

7. Labour rates and productivity

Labour typically accounts for 40-60% of the total installed cost on a paving job. The proportion is higher when base preparation is extensive (deep excavation, poor soils, difficult access) and lower when the paver material is expensive (natural stone, large-format porcelain).

Hourly and per-sqm rates

Role Hourly rate Notes
Sole trader paver $65 - $100 /hr Includes overheads. Quotes per sqm or per project, not hourly
Employed paver (your cost) $45 - $65 /hr Wages + super + WorkCover + leave loading
Labourer / offsider $35 - $50 /hr Base prep, spoil handling, mixing, cutting, carrying
Bobcat / mini excavator operator $90 - $150 /hr Wet hire (with operator). For large excavation and base spreading

Laying productivity benchmarks

Application Sqm/day (2-person crew) Notes
Concrete pavers, stretcher bond, open area 25 - 40 Full install including base. Higher end for large, flat, easy-access sites
Concrete pavers, herringbone, driveway 18 - 30 More cuts and alignment time. Heavier base adds to prep
Clay pavers, herringbone, driveway 15 - 25 Slightly slower than concrete due to smaller units
Natural stone, random pattern 10 - 18 Variable thickness, more cutting, individual fitting
Porcelain, large format (600x600+) 12 - 20 Fewer units but heavier, tighter tolerances, slower cutting
Circular or fan pattern 8 - 14 High cut rate, template alignment, specialist skill

Equipment costs to factor in

Equipment Hire cost (day) Notes
Plate compactor (forward-only, 60-80kg) $80 - $130 Standard for pedestrian paving and final pass over pavers
Plate compactor (reversible, 120-200kg) $130 - $200 Required for driveway and commercial base compaction
Wet saw (diamond blade, bench-mounted) $100 - $160 Required for porcelain, granite, and precision stone cuts
Demolition saw (hand-held, petrol) $80 - $130 Rough cuts, concrete paver cutting on site. Budget for blade wear
Mini excavator (1.5-3T) $250 - $400 Dry hire. For excavation over 30 sqm where hand-dig is impractical
Laser level / dumpy level $50 - $80 Setting falls accurately. Essential for driveway drainage

8. Whole-job benchmarks

These benchmarks include excavation, base, bedding sand, pavers, edge restraint, jointing, and labour. They assume standard access, stable soil, and no major drainage works. Use them as a reality check against your build-up pricing.

Job type Size Paver type Pattern Installed cost (inc GST)
Garden path 15 sqm Concrete 50mm Stretcher bond $1,500 - $2,700
Rear patio 30 sqm Concrete 50mm Stretcher bond $2,700 - $4,800
Entertaining area 40 sqm Travertine 30mm French pattern $5,200 - $9,200
Pool surround 35 sqm Travertine 30mm Stretcher bond $4,200 - $7,350
Pool surround (premium) 35 sqm Porcelain 20mm Stack bond $4,900 - $8,750
Single driveway 45 sqm Concrete 60mm Herringbone 90 $5,400 - $9,450
Double driveway 70 sqm Concrete 60mm Herringbone 45 $9,100 - $15,400
Driveway (clay) 60 sqm Clay brick 50mm Herringbone 45 $9,000 - $16,200
Driveway (premium stone) 60 sqm Granite 50mm Stretcher bond $10,800 - $19,200
Commercial entrance 100 sqm Concrete 80mm Herringbone 90 $13,000 - $22,000

9. Worked example

60 sqm residential driveway in Melbourne. Clay brick pavers, 50mm thick, 230x115mm, terracotta colour, laid in 45-degree herringbone. Includes new concrete crossover to replace existing damaged one. Standard soil, average access from street.

Quote: 60 sqm Clay Paver Driveway - Melbourne
Excavation (60 sqm x 250mm depth)$2,100
Spoil removal (15 m3 to tip)$900
Geotextile fabric (60 sqm)$270
Road base DGB20 (150mm compacted, 60 sqm)$1,380
Bedding sand (35mm screeded, 60 sqm)$480
Clay pavers supply (60 sqm + 10% waste = 66 sqm x $78/sqm)$5,148
Laying labour (60 sqm herringbone 45, 2-person crew, 3 days)$3,600
Edge restraint - concrete haunch (38 lm x $42/lm)$1,596
Polymeric jointing sand (60 sqm x $7/sqm)$420
Final compaction + clean-up$350
Strip drain at garage entry (3 lm x $120/lm)$360
Council crossover - demolition of existing + new concrete$2,800
Council crossover permit fee$350
Equipment hire (compactor 3 days + demo saw 2 days)$640
Subtotal (ex GST)$20,394
Margin @ 20%$4,079
Quote price (ex GST)$24,473
Quote price (inc GST)$26,920
Margin check: $26,920 for 60 sqm = $449/sqm installed inc GST. This is at the upper-middle range for clay paver driveways in Melbourne (the range is $150-$270/sqm for the paving alone, with the crossover replacement adding significantly). Without the crossover, the paving portion is ~$21,770 inc GST ($363/sqm). The 20% margin on cost produces $4,079 gross profit across approximately 5 working days (3 days laying + 1 day base prep + 1 day crossover), which works out to $816 per day. Adjust margin up on premium-material jobs where the customer is less price-sensitive.

10. Regional price variation

Paving costs vary significantly across Australia due to differences in labour rates, material transport costs, soil conditions, and market competition. Use these as a multiplier on the national baseline rates throughout this guide.

City / Region Installed $/sqm (concrete 60mm, herringbone) Relative to national average
Sydney $140 - $210 +10 to +15%
Melbourne $130 - $195 +5 to +10%
Brisbane $115 - $175 Baseline
Perth $110 - $170 -5 to baseline
Adelaide $105 - $165 -5 to -10%
Gold Coast $120 - $180 Baseline to +5%
Canberra $130 - $195 +5 to +10%
Hobart $120 - $180 Baseline to +5%
Darwin $135 - $205 +10 to +15%
Regional / rural $100 - $180 -10 to +10%

Sydney and Darwin carry the highest premiums due to elevated labour costs and (in Darwin's case) limited material availability. Perth benefits from strong competition among paving contractors and lower cost of living. Regional areas vary widely: those near quarries and suppliers can be cheaper, while remote locations face significant delivery surcharges.

11. Council approvals and driveway crossovers

When council approval is needed

Scenario Approval needed? Typical cost
Paving within property boundary (patio, path, backyard) Usually exempt development $0
New driveway crossover (verge to road) Yes, always (council land) Permit: $200 - $800
Modifying existing crossover (widening, relocating) Yes Permit: $200 - $800
Large impervious area (stormwater impact) Some councils require drainage plan $0 - $500
Heritage overlay area Check - material and colour restrictions may apply $200 - $1,000
Flood overlay area Check - may require permeable paving or raised levels Varies

Driveway crossover construction

A driveway crossover is built on council-owned land (the verge between the property boundary and the road). Council specifies the construction standard, which is typically reinforced concrete regardless of what material the driveway is paved with on private land. Key costs to include in the quote:

Crossover trap: Building or modifying a crossover without council approval is an offence in every state and territory. The council can order demolition at the owner's cost. Always confirm whether the customer's driveway project includes a new or modified crossover, and if so, quote the permit and build separately.

12. Licensing by state

Paving work falls under building, landscaping, or bricklaying licence categories depending on the state. The dollar thresholds below determine when a licence is required. Work below the threshold is unregulated but still subject to consumer protection laws.

State / Territory Regulator Licence threshold Relevant licence class
Queensland QBCC $3,300 (inc GST) Paving, Bricklaying, or Concreting (depending on scope)
New South Wales NSW Fair Trading $5,000 (inc GST) General building work, Bricklaying
Victoria VBA / BPC $16,000 (inc labour + materials) Domestic builder (paving as part of residential works)
South Australia CBS (Consumer and Business Services) $5,000 Building work contractor
Western Australia DMIRS $20,000 Building services registration (paving / bricklaying)
Tasmania CBOS $20,000 Builder (low risk)
Northern Territory NT Building Practitioners Board $12,000 Licensed builder
ACT ACT Building and Construction $12,000 Licensed builder (Class C for lower-value works)
Queensland has the lowest threshold at $3,300. A 30 sqm concrete paver patio at $90-$160/sqm installed crosses the QBCC licence threshold on almost every job. If you work in QLD and your jobs regularly exceed $3,300, you need a QBCC licence. Operating without one carries fines and voids insurance.

13. Common quoting mistakes

  1. Under-quoting the base. Base preparation is 30-40% of the total cost. Quoting a driveway at paver-plus-labour and forgetting the excavation, spoil removal, road base, and compaction leaves $50-$90 per sqm on the table.
  2. Ignoring pattern waste. 45-degree herringbone generates 8-12% waste, not the 3-5% you get with stretcher bond. On a $5,000 paver supply, that is $250-$350 in extra material. Quote the pattern's actual waste percentage.
  3. Omitting edge restraint. Every exposed paving edge needs a restraint. A 60 sqm driveway has 35-45 lineal metres of edge. Forgetting it means absorbing $1,000-$2,500 in unquoted work.
  4. Not scoping the crossover. A customer says "new driveway" and means everything from the garage to the road, including the crossover on council land. If you quote only the private-land paving, the crossover comes out of your margin or becomes a scope dispute.
  5. Assuming good soil. Clay soils need geotextile, deeper base, and sometimes ag-pipe drainage. Rocky ground needs rock-hammering or saw cutting before excavation. Tree roots near the paving area can cost half a day in extra prep. Always inspect the soil during the site visit.
  6. Flat-rate pricing across materials. Natural stone and porcelain take 30-50% longer to lay per square metre than concrete pavers. A flat $/sqm rate that works for concrete pavers will lose money on stone and porcelain jobs.
  7. Quoting without checking drainage. If the paved area creates a low point that ponds water against the house or sheds onto the neighbour, you own the problem. Check falls and drainage capacity at the site visit and include drainage in the quote.
  8. Forgetting sealing as an upsell. Sealing at $8-$15/sqm on a 60 sqm job is $480-$900 of add-on revenue with high margin. Concrete pavers, sandstone, and travertine all benefit from sealing. Offer it on every applicable quote as a separate line item.

14. Presenting your quote

A clear, detailed paving quote converts better and reduces disputes. Include these items:

Send the quote within 24-48 hours of the site visit. Include an annotated photo or simple plan showing the paved area, pattern direction, and drainage falls. Follow up within 48 hours if the customer has not responded.

Spend less time quoting, more time paving

FlowSpec lets you speak your line items on site and sends the priced quote to Xero automatically. Set up in under two minutes.

Try FlowSpec free

15. Frequently asked questions

How much does paving cost per square metre in Australia in 2026?

Paving costs $75-$160 per square metre fully installed in 2026, depending on the paver material, pattern complexity, base preparation required, and location. Concrete pavers are the most affordable at $75-$120/sqm installed. Clay pavers run $90-$140. Natural stone runs $100-$180. Porcelain pavers run $110-$200. Driveways cost 15-25% more than patios due to heavier base requirements for vehicle loads.

What is the cheapest type of paver in Australia?

Standard concrete pavers at $40-$80/sqm supply are the cheapest option. A 50mm concrete paver in stretcher bond on a standard base is the most cost-effective combination for budget projects. Fully installed, concrete paver patios start from $75/sqm. Clay pavers cost slightly more upfront but last twice as long (50+ years vs 25-30 years) and hold their colour permanently.

How much do pavers charge per hour in Australia?

Sole trader pavers typically charge $65-$100 per hour. However, most paving work is quoted per square metre or as a project price. Hourly rates suit small repair jobs, re-bedding, and paver replacement. For new installations, per-sqm or project pricing is standard because it reflects the full scope including base preparation.

Do you need council approval for paving?

Paving within your property boundary is usually exempt development and does not require approval. However, a driveway crossover (where the driveway crosses the council verge to the road) requires council approval in every state because it is built on public land. Crossover permit fees range from $200-$800. Some councils also require drainage plans for large impervious areas. Always check with the local council before quoting driveways that include crossovers.

What is the best laying pattern for a driveway?

45-degree herringbone provides the strongest interlock for driveways. The zig-zag arrangement distributes vehicle loads and resists turning and braking forces. 90-degree herringbone is slightly faster to lay and nearly as strong. Stretcher bond and stack bond are acceptable for pedestrian areas but do not provide sufficient interlock for vehicle traffic.

How thick should the base be for paving?

Pedestrian areas: 75-100mm compacted road base + 25-30mm bedding sand. Residential driveways: 100-150mm road base + 25-40mm sand. Commercial or heavy vehicle: 150-200mm road base + 30-40mm sand. Compact in layers of no more than 100mm. Under-specified base is the leading cause of paver settling and lippage.

Should you seal pavers after installation?

Sealing is recommended for concrete pavers, sandstone, and limestone. It protects against stains, UV fading, and efflorescence. Initial cost is $8-$15/sqm, reapplied every 3-5 years. Clay pavers and porcelain generally do not need sealing. Always offer sealing as an add-on line item where it adds value.

How long should it take to prepare a paving quote?

A straightforward patio takes 30-60 minutes to quote after a site visit. A driveway with crossover and drainage takes 1-3 hours. FlowSpec can cut quoting time by letting you speak your line items on site and sending the priced quote to Xero automatically.

Back to top